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The analysis revealed that Denisovans diverged from Neanderthals around 400,000 years ago, although the two groups share a common ancestry. Ongaro’s team has identified areas for further research, including more extensive genetic studies of understudied populations that may carry yet-undiscovered traces of Denisovan ancestry.
These genetic signatures match the so-called "Fournol cluster" of Gravettian ancestry, suggesting that a distinct population survived in this region through the Last Glacial Maximum. Moreover, while mitochondrial DNA provides valuable lineage information, nuclear DNA—offering deeper genetic insights—remains much harder to recover.
Despite the technical challenges posed by DNA degradation, the researchers successfully sequenced the genomes, revealing valuable information about the inhabitants' ancestry and genetic stability. This extensive record is rare for South Africa, where most ancient burials have yielded only isolated finds. 1 Gretzinger, J., Gibbon, V.
A recent study, published in the European Journal of Archaeology 1 , suggests these plaques may represent one of humanity's earliest attempts at recording genealogy—a non-verbal precursor to modern ancestry documentation. Eventually, these designs were manipulated to convey more precise genealogical information."
The findings, published in Nature Communications 1 , reveal a wealth of information about the boy's ancestry, physical traits, health, and the environment in which he lived, offering a rare glimpse into the lives of prehistoric humans. Life history and ancestry of the late Upper Palaeolithic infant from Grotta delle Mura, Italy.
Through this work, drawing on knowledge from human skeletal biology, anatomy, and archaeology, we often confront the immense social and racial inequalities that can play a role in the circumstances of ones death.
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