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Few traits define humanity as clearly as language. Yet, despite its central role in human evolution, determining when and how language first emerged remains a challenge. Traditionally, scholars have debated linguistic origins based on indirect clues—symbolic artifacts, brain size, or the complexity of tool-making.
For decades, the story of modern human origins seemed relatively straightforward: Homo sapiens emerged in Africa roughly 300,000 years ago, evolving as a single, continuous lineage before expanding across the globe. These groups were apart for a million years—longer than modern humans have been on the planet."
A Quest for Our Earliest Stories Myths and legends have always been windows into the human psyche, revealing our fears, dreams, and attempts to understand the world. Yet, could these stories also encode the history of humanity’s migrations and interactions?
The Footprints That Rewrite History In the shifting gypsum sands of White Sands National Park in New Mexico, a series of fossilized human footprints have surfaced, casting a striking new light on the ingenuity of Ice Age inhabitants. Historically, it was used by Plains peoples to haul loads across the land, often drawn by horses or dogs.
An Ancient Practice, Revisited Through Code Knots are one of humanity’s oldest tools—so ancient, in fact, that they predate agriculture, metallurgy, and written language. Despite differences in time, geography, and material culture, many human groups developed the same set of knots—again and again.
These artifacts—used for processing grains in early Neolithic settlements—were not merely discarded tools. Their placement was striking: “The artifacts were carefully placed in pairs, with the working parts in contact and oriented from east to west. The evidence suggests the latter.
To correct this, the team organized a workshop where archaeologists directly examined artifacts from both traditions side by side. Neanderthals vs. Modern Humans: Who Made What? Meanwhile, the Uluzzian industry has long been associated with modern humans. This has implications for how we view the spread of modern human culture.
A Discovery in the Desert The story of human migration is often told in sweeping arcs—great waves of Homo sapiens leaving Africa, moving into Eurasia, and eventually populating the entire planet. Credit: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2025). Credit: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2025).
Nearly two million years ago, in the high-altitude landscape of the Ethiopian Highlands, early human ancestors at the Acheulian site of Melka Wakena weren’t simply grabbing the nearest stones to use as tools. Some of the bones display telltale anthropogenic marks, suggesting that early humans had a significant presence here.
More than 46,000 years ago, deep within the caves of what is now northern Spain, a silent drama unfolded between humans and the great beasts of the Ice Age. For centuries, the study of prehistoric life has relied on the fragile remnants of bones and artifacts. Credit: Nature Communications (2025).
The fellowship application deadline is April 11, 2025. Currently numbering over 83,000 volumes and 500 linear feet of personal papers and institutional archives, it comprises a large circulating book collection, journal holdings, electronic resources, non-print media, rare books, archival materials, art, and artifacts.
The graves, filled with artifacts like ornate belt fittings and everyday items, reflected a shared culture. It exemplifies how ancient populations balanced coexistence and diversity, paving the way for future exploration of genetic and cultural intersections in human history. But ancient DNA analysis told a different story.
That lack of disturbance makes it an exceptional place to study how humans occupied the region during the final millennia of the Upper Paleolithic. The presence of butchery marks on many of these bones suggests that humans actively hunted and processed animals at the site. Indeterminate bone with a short cut mark; C.
A Discovery That Reshapes the Story of Human Innovation For over a century, Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania has been the stage for some of the most profound discoveries in human evolution. Credit: CSIC This finding changes the way we think about early human cognition, technological adaptability, and cultural innovation.
The presence of this distinctive technology so far from its previously known origins raises new questions about ancient human migrations, cultural exchange, and independent innovation. These artifacts suggest that the inhabitants of Longtan were engaging in complex tool-making behavior typically attributed to Neanderthals in Europe.
The Search for Early Symbolic Expression For decades, archaeologists have debated the origins of symbolic thought in early humans. Was it an innovation exclusive to modern humans, or did our distant relatives also engage in abstract expression? Symbolic behavior in early humans is often difficult to identify with certainty.
Przedwojewska-Szymańska/PASI; Antiquity (2025) An Unexpected Discovery in the Highlands of El Salvador In 2022, archaeologists excavating the summit of a Preclassic structure in San Isidro unearthed an extraordinary tableau: five clay figurines carefully arranged in what appears to be a deliberate formation. Scale in centimetres.
2025 Led by Dr. Sara Juengst, an international team of researchers analyzed the burial, comparing it to others from the region. The burial contained an assortment of artifacts, many of which were unusual for Manteño burials. What significance did the combination of Valdivia and Manteño artifacts hold for those who buried her?
The site was first unearthed in 2009 when archaeologists noticed human bones protruding from the eroded banks of a stream near the fortress ruins. Meanwhile, scavengers searching for metal artifacts continue to disturb the ruins. What they uncovered was grim—at least 17 individuals, their remains showing clear signs of violence.
“Even when they pass on, you still respect and honor them as non-human relatives. In archaeology’s early days, animal remains were often ignored, discarded, or treated as unimportant compared to human burials and artifacts. Discusses the ethical treatment of non-human remains in archaeology. DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-1433.2008.00092.x
Currently numbering over 80,000 volumes and 500 linear feet of personal papers and institutional archives, it comprises a large circulating book collection, journal holdings, electronic resources, non-print media, rare books, archival materials, art, and artifacts.
APPLYING TO FORM A STUDY GROUP If you are interested in forming a Teaching for Black Lives study group for the 2024–2025 school year or throughout the 2024–2026 school years, please carefully read the sections below. If possible, your group will share photos, videos, and other artifacts that reflect your work.
CFP: The Goddess at the Crossing Place kskordal Wed, 01/08/2025 - 12:02 Image The Goddess at the Crossing Place 6-8 March 2025, Marshall University To honor the 150th anniversary of Classics at Marshall University, the Department of Humanities announces a conference that focuses on Goddess traditions.
Between February and September 2024, my team and I conducted four visits to identify and document new damage caused by antiquities looters or other human activities. President-elect Donald Trump assuming office in January 2025. People have inhabited Khirbet Wili Shabbuni since the Hellenistic period beginning at 332 B.C.
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