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Few traits define humanity as clearly as language. Yet, despite its central role in human evolution, determining when and how language first emerged remains a challenge. Every human society on Earth has language, and all human languages share core structural features. But we don’t.
The Ox and the Origins of Unequal Societies Long before hedge funds, private property, or multinational tax havens, human societies were surprisingly equal. Across a wide range of Neolithic communities, archaeological evidence suggests that disparities in wealth—though present—were often kept in check. Hertz, T.,
Discovery of a Potential New Human Species A groundbreaking study published in Nature Communications 1 has proposed the existence of a new human species, Homo juluensis. This ancient hominin, believed to have lived in eastern Asia between 300,000 and 50,000 years ago, is a significant addition to our understanding of human evolution.
The Forgotten Migrant When thinking about humanity’s migrations across continents, yeast is probably the last traveler that comes to mind. By examining over 300 genomes from yeast living quietly on the bark of oak and other trees, the team found that these seemingly wild populations are anything but untouched by human history.
From the sprawling villas of Roman elites to the thatched huts of the poor in medieval Europe, textbook history often presents wealth disparity as a consequence of human progress. A sweeping archaeological analysis 1 led by Gary Feinman of the Field Museum of Natural History offers a strikingly different view.
In the long arc of human history, what makes a settlement persist? Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1 , the study draws on data from over 47,000 houses spanning nearly 3,000 archaeological sites and 10,000 years of human history. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(16). Kohler, T.
Archaeological evidence suggested these people coexisted peacefully, identifying themselves as part of the broader Avar society. Historical records describe the Vienna Basin during this time as a period of relative peace, a sentiment echoed in the archaeological findings. ” Oxford Journal of Archaeology. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0092.2009.00348.x
But how did ancient humans experience and describe these feelings? By analyzing one million words of Akkadian cuneiform, researchers unearthed fascinating connections between emotional states and specific body parts, offering fresh insights into human emotional experience through time. PDF Link : uzh.ch Svärd, et al.
Long before pharaohs ruled and scribes recorded human affairs, the seeds of economic disparity had already taken hold. In a sweeping new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1 , an international team analyzed the size of more than 47,000 houses across 1,100 archaeological sites. link] Kohler, T.
I was trying to understand how humans and wildlifeparticularly javelinaslive together in messy, contested landscapes, shaped as much by perception and politics as by biology. Instead, Jon turned his deep grounding in genetics into a sharp critique of how science makes claims about human difference. By the time I left for a Ph.D.
Archaeology often deals with what remains—the bones, the stone tools, the charred remnants of ancient hearths. But in the upland regions of Warner Valley, Oregon, a different kind of evidence is telling the story of early human diets: microscopic starch granules trapped in the cracks of bedrock metates. A., & Pavlik, B.
The Dahwa cymbals not only enrich our comprehension of Bronze Age music but also illuminate the broader tapestry of human interaction and shared expression. Near Eastern Archaeology , 84(3), 172–181. Archaeopress Archaeology. Further Reading and Related Studies Al-Jahwari, N. S., & Douglas, K.
Before the soft-footed, domesticated Felis catus found its way into Chinese homes, another feline species occupied human settlements for thousands of years. Chinese Archaeology.) Their findings suggest that leopard cats filled the niche of rodent control in human settlements long before domesticated cats arrived.
The Ancient Hearths of Fuente del Salín Fire has long been a cornerstone of human existence, providing warmth, protection, and a means to cook food. The Gravettian mastery of fire provides a glimpse into the complexity of their cultural traditions, reshaping our understanding of how early humans structured their lives.
For at least 10,000 years, humans have worked the land to feed families, build communities, and form civilizations. A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences offers 1 one of the most detailed archaeological analyses to date of the roots of economic inequality. Human Nature , 29(3), 203–219.
And in doing so, it also redefined what it means to diagnose disease in the archaeological record. In archaeology, the problem is compounded by time, taphonomy, and incomplete remains. Disease and the Human Condition This isn’t just a story of pathogens. It’s a story of how humans adapt, organize, and endure.
A Glimpse into Europe’s Earliest Settlers Over 45,000 years ago, small groups of modern humans roamed the icy expanse of Ice Age Europe. Among these pioneers were individuals whose lives and genetic histories have now been reconstructed from the oldest modern human genomes yet sequenced.
The Oakhurst rock shelter, nestled in the cliffs of South Africa’s southern coast, has long been a focal point for archaeologists due to its wealth of artifacts and human remains. These findings offer a new perspective on human population stability and cultural evolution in southern Africa. 1 Gretzinger, J., Gibbon, V.
The Marsh Ambush: What a 300,000-Year-Old Horse Hunt Reveals About Early Human Cooperation A horse bone bed in northern Germany offers rare insight into the minds and methods of pre-modern humans—and how deep the roots of social intelligence may go. Why do humans hunt cooperatively? It was cooperative planning.”
Over 100,000 years ago, Neanderthals and Homo sapiens roamed the Levant, a region that would become a crossroads of human migration. Exposed section of archaeological sediments dated to to 110 thousand years ago at Tinshemet cave A new study, published in Nature Human Behaviour 1 , brings fresh insight into this question.
A groundbreaking study, published in Nature Human Behaviour 1 , offers unprecedented genetic evidence that these communities lived without clear social stratification. Spanning over 250 individuals, the study integrates genetics with archaeological and dietary evidence, shedding new light on the egalitarian nature of LBK societies.
A recent study, published in the European Journal of Archaeology 1 , suggests these plaques may represent one of humanity's earliest attempts at recording genealogy—a non-verbal precursor to modern ancestry documentation. Journal : European Journal of Archaeology , 2004. Journal : Cambridge Archaeological Journal , 2009.
This new analysis, published in the journal Antiquity 1 , sheds unsettling light on the darker side of prehistoric human behavior. ” The Scene of the Massacre The story begins in the 1970s, when excavators first uncovered over 3,000 human bones and fragments deep within the Charterhouse Warren shaft. Examples of cranial trauma.
A new study published in Scientific Reports 1 takes another look at human remains from Maszycka Cave in Poland, and the findings reignite a long-standing debate. Human induced modifications on cranial and postcranial remains. Cut Marks and Cracked Bones: The Case for Cannibalism Maszycka Cave is not new to the anthropological world.
And it’s forcing archaeologists to reconsider long-held beliefs about gender and labor in early human societies. Randall Haas/University of California The implication is that early human societies in the Americas were more flexible, more fluid in their division of labor than many contemporary analogs suggest. It was a statement.
For centuries, human remains recovered from the River Thames have puzzled archaeologists. Human remains are found in unusually high amounts in the Thames River. Over time, researchers recognized that human remains in the river represented a complex history of deposition. Credit: flickr/ Alastair Rae CC BY-SA 2.0
For scholars of gender archaeology and history, the body has become a privileged site for the investigation of women’s lives in antiquity (Liston 2012; Shepherd 2012). 1999) ‘Human Skeletons from the Greek Emporium of Pithekoussai on Ischia (NA): Culture, Contact, and Biological Change in Italy after the 8th Century BC’, in R.H.
When we think about human evolution, it’s easy to focus on the biological milestones—tools, fire, and the emergence of Homo sapiens. million years ago) sculpted the landscapes of Eurasia and, in turn, guided early human migrations. Why does this matter for human evolution? TP: The Tenaghi Philippon, Greece.
Cave art has long been a touchstone for understanding the cognitive and cultural worlds of ancient humans. This revelation challenges assumptions about early art and its association with modern humans, re-framing the story of creativity in the deep past. Panel GS I and sample locations for MAL6 and MAL7.
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